What is the term for the genetic qualities a person inherits from their parents?

The term "heredity" specifically refers to the genetic qualities and traits that an individual inherits from their parents. This includes physical characteristics, such as eye color and height, as well as predispositions to certain health conditions. Heredity plays a vital role in the way traits are passed down through generations, influencing not only biological traits but also some aspects of behavior and personality.

Heritage, while closely related, generally encompasses a broader range of cultural and familial traditions and values, rather than strictly genetic traits. Lineage refers to direct descent from an ancestor, focusing on familial connections rather than the genetic attributes themselves. Lastly, environment pertains to external factors influencing an individual, including social, economic, and geographical elements, which is distinct from genetic inheritance. The specificity of heredity in relation to inherited genetic traits makes it the correct term in this context.